Difference between revisions of "Microsoft Azure"

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'''Microsoft Azure ''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|ʒ|ər}} is a [[cloud computing]] service created by [[Microsoft]] for building, deploying, and managing applications and services through a global network of Microsoft-managed [[data center]]s. It provides [[software as a service]], [[platform as a service]] and [[infrastructure as a service]] and supports many different [[programming language]]s, tools and frameworks, including both Microsoft-specific and third-party software and systems.
 
'''Microsoft Azure ''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|ʒ|ər}} is a [[cloud computing]] service created by [[Microsoft]] for building, deploying, and managing applications and services through a global network of Microsoft-managed [[data center]]s. It provides [[software as a service]], [[platform as a service]] and [[infrastructure as a service]] and supports many different [[programming language]]s, tools and frameworks, including both Microsoft-specific and third-party software and systems.
  
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Azure was announced in October 2008 and released on February 1, 2010 as '''Windows Azure''', before being renamed to Microsoft Azure on March 25th 2014.<ref name="renaming">{{cite web |url=https://azure.microsoft.com/ |title=Upcoming Name Change for Windows Azure |date=2014-03-24 |language=English |publisher=Microsoft Azure |archiveurl=https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/upcoming-name-change-for-windows-azure/ |archivedate=2014-03-24 |accessdate=2016-08-29}}</ref><ref name=anya>{{cite news |last=Tharakan |first=Anya George and Dastin, Jeffery |title=Microsoft shares hit high as cloud business flies above estimates |newspaper=Rueters |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |date=20 October 2016 |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-microsoft-results-idUKKCN12K2JC |access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
+
Azure was announced in October 2008 and released on February 1, 2010 as '''Windows Azure''', before being renamed to Microsoft Azure on March 25th 2014.<ref name="renaming">{{cite web |url=https://azure.microsoft.com/ |title=Upcoming Name Change for Windows Azure |date=2014-03-24 |language=English |publisher=Microsoft Azure |archiveurl=https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/upcoming-name-change-for-windows-azure/ |archivedate=2014-03-24 |accessdate=2016-08-29}}</ref><ref name="anya">{{cite news |last=Tharakan |first=Anya George and Dastin, Jeffery |title=Microsoft shares hit high as cloud business flies above estimates |newspaper=Rueters |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |date=20 October 2016 |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-microsoft-results-idUKKCN12K2JC |access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref>
  
 
== Services ==
 
== Services ==
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* Virtual machines, [[infrastructure as a service]] (IaaS) allowing users to launch general-purpose [[Microsoft Windows]] and [[Linux]] virtual machines, as well as preconfigured machine images for popular software packages.<ref>{{cite web|title=How to monitor Microsoft Azure VMs|url=https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/how-to-monitor-microsoft-azure-vms/|publisher=Datadog|accessdate=16 September 2016}}</ref>  
 
* Virtual machines, [[infrastructure as a service]] (IaaS) allowing users to launch general-purpose [[Microsoft Windows]] and [[Linux]] virtual machines, as well as preconfigured machine images for popular software packages.<ref>{{cite web|title=How to monitor Microsoft Azure VMs|url=https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/how-to-monitor-microsoft-azure-vms/|publisher=Datadog|accessdate=16 September 2016}}</ref>  
 
* App services, [[platform as a service]] (PaaS) environment letting developers easily publish and manage Web sites.
 
* App services, [[platform as a service]] (PaaS) environment letting developers easily publish and manage Web sites.
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* [[Microsoft Azure Web Sites|Websites]], high density hosting of websites allows developers to build sites using [[ASP.NET]], [[PHP]], [[Node.js]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] and can be deployed using [[File Transfer Protocol|FTP]], [[Git (software)|Git]], [[Mercurial]], [[Team Foundation Server]] or uploaded through the user portal. This feature was announced in preview form in June 2012 at the Meet Microsoft Azure event.<ref name=meetnew>{{cite web | url=http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2012/06/07/meet-the-new-windows-azure.aspx | title=Meet Windows Azure event June 2012 | publisher=Weblogs.asp.net | date=2012-06-07 | accessdate=2013-06-27}}</ref> Customers can create websites in PHP, ASP.NET, Node.js, or Python, or select from several open source applications from a gallery to deploy. This comprises one aspect of the [[platform as a service]] (PaaS) offerings for the Microsoft Azure Platform. It was renamed to Web Apps in April 2015.<ref name="renaming" /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/app-service/web/ | title=Web App Service - Microsoft Azure | publisher=Microsoft}}</ref>
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* [[Microsoft Azure Web Sites|Websites]], high density hosting of websites allows developers to build sites using [[ASP.NET]], [[PHP]], [[Node.js]], or [[Python (programming language)|Python]] and can be deployed using [[File Transfer Protocol|FTP]], [[Git (software)|Git]], [[Mercurial]], [[Team Foundation Server]] or uploaded through the user portal. This feature was announced in preview form in June 2012 at the Meet Microsoft Azure event.<ref name="meetnew">{{cite web | url=http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2012/06/07/meet-the-new-windows-azure.aspx | title=Meet Windows Azure event June 2012 | publisher=Weblogs.asp.net | date=2012-06-07 | accessdate=2013-06-27}}</ref> Customers can create websites in PHP, ASP.NET, Node.js, or Python, or select from several open source applications from a gallery to deploy. This comprises one aspect of the [[platform as a service]] (PaaS) offerings for the Microsoft Azure Platform. It was renamed to Web Apps in April 2015.<ref name="renaming" /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/app-service/web/ | title=Web App Service - Microsoft Azure | publisher=Microsoft}}</ref>
 
* WebJobs, applications that can be deployed to a Web App to implement background processing. That can be invoked on a schedule, on demand or can run continuously. The Blob, Table and Queue services can be used to communicate between Web Apps and Web Jobs and to provide state.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}
 
* WebJobs, applications that can be deployed to a Web App to implement background processing. That can be invoked on a schedule, on demand or can run continuously. The Blob, Table and Queue services can be used to communicate between Web Apps and Web Jobs and to provide state.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}
  
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| Azure storage upgrade caused reduced capacity across several regions<ref name=Zander>{{cite web | last1=Zander | first1=Jason | title=Update on Azure Storage Service Interruption | url=http://azure.microsoft.com/blog/2014/11/19/update-on-azure-storage-service-interruption/ | publisher=Microsoft|accessdate=5 December 2014}}</ref>
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| Azure storage upgrade caused reduced capacity across several regions<ref name="Zander">{{cite web | last1=Zander | first1=Jason | title=Update on Azure Storage Service Interruption | url=http://azure.microsoft.com/blog/2014/11/19/update-on-azure-storage-service-interruption/ | publisher=Microsoft|accessdate=5 December 2014}}</ref>
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| Xbox Live, Windows Store, MSN, Search, Visual Studio Online among others were affected.<ref name=FoleyMJ>{{cite web | last1=Foley | first1=Mary J | title=Microsoft says Storage service performance update brought Azure down | url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-says-storage-service-performance-update-brought-azure-down/ | publisher=ZD.NET|accessdate=5 December 2014}}</ref>
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| Xbox Live, Windows Store, MSN, Search, Visual Studio Online among others were affected.<ref name="FoleyMJ">{{cite web | last1=Foley | first1=Mary J | title=Microsoft says Storage service performance update brought Azure down | url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-says-storage-service-performance-update-brought-azure-down/ | publisher=ZD.NET|accessdate=5 December 2014}}</ref>
 
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Latest revision as of 17:20, 18 March 2017

Microsoft Azure
Microsoft Azure Logo.svg
Developer(s) Microsoft
Initial release February 1, 2010; 14 years ago (2010-02-01)
Repository {{#property:P1324}}
Operating system Linux, Microsoft Windows
License Closed source for platform, Open source for client SDKs
Website azure.microsoft.com

Microsoft Azure /ˈæʒər/ is a cloud computing service created by Microsoft for building, deploying, and managing applications and services through a global network of Microsoft-managed data centers. It provides software as a service, platform as a service and infrastructure as a service and supports many different programming languages, tools and frameworks, including both Microsoft-specific and third-party software and systems.

Azure was announced in October 2008 and released on February 1, 2010 as Windows Azure, before being renamed to Microsoft Azure on March 25th 2014.[1][2]

Services

Microsoft lists over 600 Azure services,[3] of which some are covered below:

Compute

  • Virtual machines, infrastructure as a service (IaaS) allowing users to launch general-purpose Microsoft Windows and Linux virtual machines, as well as preconfigured machine images for popular software packages.[4]
  • App services, platform as a service (PaaS) environment letting developers easily publish and manage Web sites.
  • Websites, high density hosting of websites allows developers to build sites using ASP.NET, PHP, Node.js, or Python and can be deployed using FTP, Git, Mercurial, Team Foundation Server or uploaded through the user portal. This feature was announced in preview form in June 2012 at the Meet Microsoft Azure event.[5] Customers can create websites in PHP, ASP.NET, Node.js, or Python, or select from several open source applications from a gallery to deploy. This comprises one aspect of the platform as a service (PaaS) offerings for the Microsoft Azure Platform. It was renamed to Web Apps in April 2015.[1][6]
  • WebJobs, applications that can be deployed to a Web App to implement background processing. That can be invoked on a schedule, on demand or can run continuously. The Blob, Table and Queue services can be used to communicate between Web Apps and Web Jobs and to provide state.[citation needed]

Mobile services

  • Mobile Engagement collects real-time analytics that highlight users’ behavior. It also provides push notifications to mobile devices.[7]
  • HockeyApp can be used to develop, distribute, and beta-test mobile apps[8]

Storage services

  • Storage Services provides REST and SDK APIs for storing and accessing data on the cloud.
  • Table Service lets programs store structured text in partitioned collections of entities that are accessed by partition key and primary key. It's a NoSQL non-relational database.
  • Blob Service allows programs to store unstructured text and binary data as blobs that can be accessed by a HTTP(S) path. Blob service also provides security mechanisms to control access to data.
  • Queue Service lets programs communicate asynchronously by message using queues.
  • File Service allows storing and access of data on the cloud using the REST APIs or the SMB protocol.[9]

Data management

Messaging

The Microsoft Azure Service Bus allows applications running on Azure premises or off premises devices to communicate with Azure. This helps to build scalable and reliable applications in a service-oriented architecture (SOA). The Azure service bus supports four different types of communication mechanisms:[citation needed]

  • Event Hubs, which provide event and telemetry ingress to the cloud at massive scale, with low latency and high reliability. For example an event hub can be used to track data from cell phones such as a GPS location coordinate in real time.[citation needed]
  • Queues, which allow one-directional communication. A sender application would send the message to the service bus queue, and a receiver would read from the queue. Though there can be multiple readers for the queue only one would process a single message.
  • Topics, which provide one-directional communication using a subscriber pattern. It is similar to a queue, however each subscriber will receive a copy of the message sent to a Topic. Optionally the subscriber can filter out messages based on specific criteria defined by the subscriber.
  • Relays, which provide bi-directional communication. Unlike queues and topics, a relay doesn't store in-flight messages in its own memory. Instead, it just passes them on to the destination application.

Media services

A PaaS offering that can be used for encoding, content protection, streaming, or analytics.[citation needed]

CDN

A global content delivery network (CDN) for audio, video, applications, images, and other static files. Can be used to cache static assets of websites geographically closer to users to increase performance. The network can be managed by a REST based HTTP API.[citation needed]

Azure has 30 point of presence locations worldwide (also known as Edge locations) as of December, 2016.[12]

Developer

Management

  • Azure Automation, provides a way for users to automate the manual, long-running, error-prone, and frequently repeated tasks that are commonly performed in a cloud and enterprise environment. It saves time and increases the reliability of regular administrative tasks and even schedules them to be automatically performed at regular intervals. You can automate processes using runbooks or automate configuration management using Desired State Configuration.[1]
  • Microsoft SMA (software)

Machine Learning

  • Microsoft Azure Machine Learning (Azure ML) service is part of Cortana Intelligence Suite that enables predictive analytics and interaction with data using natural language and speech through Cortana.[13]

Regions

Azure is generally available in 34 regions around the world, and has announced plans for 4 additional regions.[14]

Design

Microsoft Azure uses a specialized operating system, called Microsoft Azure, to run its "fabric layer":[citation needed] a cluster hosted at Microsoft's data centers that manages computing and storage resources of the computers and provisions the resources (or a subset of them) to applications running on top of Microsoft Azure. Microsoft Azure has been described as a "cloud layer" on top of a number of Windows Server systems, which use Windows Server 2008 and a customized version of Hyper-V, known as the Microsoft Azure Hypervisor to provide virtualization of services.[citation needed]

Scaling and reliability are controlled by the Microsoft Azure Fabric Controller[citation needed] so the services and environment do not crash, if one of the servers crashes within the Microsoft data center and provides the management of the user's Web application like memory resources and load balancing.[citation needed]

Azure provides an API built on REST, HTTP, and XML that allows a developer to interact with the services provided by Microsoft Azure. Microsoft also provides a client-side managed class library that encapsulates the functions of interacting with the services. It also integrates with Microsoft Visual Studio, Git, and Eclipse.[citation needed]

In addition to interacting with services via API, users can manage Azure services using the Web-based Azure Portal, which reached General Availability in December 2015.[15] The portal allows users to browse active resources, modify settings, launch new resources, and view basic monitoring data from active virtual machines and services.

Deployment models

Microsoft Azure offers two deployment models for cloud resources: the "classic" deployment model and the Azure Resource Manager.[16] In the classic model, each Azure resource (virtual machine, SQL database, etc.) was managed individually. The Azure Resource Manager, introduced in 2014,[16] enables users to create groups of related services so that closely coupled resources can be deployed, managed, and monitored together.[17]

Timeline

File:Ray Ozzie PDC2008.jpg
Ray Ozzie announcing Windows Azure at PDC 2008, October 27
  • October 2008 – (PDC LA), Announced the Windows Azure Platform
  • March 2009 – Announced SQL Azure Relational Database
  • November 2009 – Updated Windows Azure CTP, Enabled full trust, PHP, Java, CDN CTP and more
  • February 2010 – Windows Azure Platform commercially available
  • June 2010 – Windows Azure Update, .NET Framework 4, OS Versioning, CDN, SQL Azure Update[18]
  • October 2010 (PDC) – Platform enhancements, Windows Azure Connect, Improved Dev / IT Pro Experience
  • December 2011 – Traffic manager, SQL Azure reporting, HPC scheduler
  • June 2012 – Websites, Virtual machines for Windows and Linux, Python SDK, New portal, Locally redundant storage
Former Windows Azure logo, 2012-2014
  • April 2014 – Windows Azure renamed to Microsoft Azure[1]
  • July 2014 – Azure Machine Learning public preview[19]
  • November 2014 – Outage affecting major websites including MSN.com.[20]
  • September 2015 – Azure Cloud Switch introduced as a cross-platform Linux distribution.[21]

Privacy

Microsoft has stated that, per the USA Patriot Act, the US government could have access to the data even if the hosted company is not American and the data resides outside the USA.[22] However, Microsoft Azure is compliant with the E.U. Data Protection Directive (95/46/EC)[23][24][contradictory]. To manage privacy and security-related concerns, Microsoft has created a Microsoft Azure Trust Center,[25] and Microsoft Azure has several of its services compliant with several compliance programs including ISO 27001:2005 and HIPAA. A full and current listing can be found on the Microsoft Azure Trust Center Compliance page.[26] Of special note, Microsoft Azure has been granted JAB Provisional Authority to Operate (P-ATO) from the U.S. government in accordance with guidelines spelled out under the Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP), a U.S. government program that provides a standardized approach to security assessment, authorization, and continuous monitoring for cloud services used by the federal government.[27]

Significant outages

Documented Microsoft Azure outages and service disruptions.

Date Cause Notes
2012-02-29 Incorrect code for calculating leap day dates[28]
2012-07-26 Misconfigured network device[29][30]
2013-02-22 Expiry of an SSL certificate[31] Xbox Live, Xbox Music and Video also affected[32]
2013-10-30 Worldwide partial compute outage[33]
2014-11-18 Azure storage upgrade caused reduced capacity across several regions[34] Xbox Live, Windows Store, MSN, Search, Visual Studio Online among others were affected.[35]

As of December 4, 2015, Azure has been available for 99.9936% of the past year.[36]

Certifications

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Upcoming Name Change for Windows Azure". Microsoft Azure. 2014-03-24. Archived from the original on 2014-03-24. Retrieved 2016-08-29. 
  2. ↑ Tharakan, Anya George and Dastin, Jeffery (20 October 2016). "Microsoft shares hit high as cloud business flies above estimates". Rueters. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved 21 October 2016. 
  3. ↑ Directory of Azure Cloud Services, Microsoft.com
  4. ↑ "How to monitor Microsoft Azure VMs". Datadog. Retrieved 16 September 2016. 
  5. ↑ "Meet Windows Azure event June 2012". Weblogs.asp.net. 2012-06-07. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  6. ↑ "Web App Service - Microsoft Azure". Microsoft. 
  7. ↑ "Mobile Engagement - Microsoft Azure". azure.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2016-07-27. 
  8. ↑ "HockeyApp - Microsoft Azure". azure.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2016-07-27. 
  9. ↑ "File Storage". Microsoft. Retrieved 7 January 2017. 
  10. ↑ Hassell, Jonathan (3 September 2014). "Microsoft's StorSimple: A first look at the 8000 series". Computerworld. 
  11. ↑ "Azure and CONNX". CONNX. Retrieved 30 October 2014. 
  12. ↑ "Azure Regions | Microsoft Azure". azure.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2016-12-08. 
  13. ↑ "Why Cortana Intelligence?". Microsoft. 
  14. ↑ "Azure Regions | Microsoft Azure". azure.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2016-11-13. 
  15. ↑ Welicki, Leon. "Announcing Azure Portal general availability". Microsoft. Retrieved 23 December 2015. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 FitzMacken, Tom. "Azure Resource Manager vs. classic deployment". Microsoft. Retrieved 16 September 2016. 
  17. ↑ FitzMacken, Tom. "Azure Resource Manager overview". Microsoft. Retrieved 16 September 2016. 
  18. ↑ "SQL Azure SU3 is Now Live and Available in 6 Datacenters Worldwide". SQL Azure Team Blog. Microsoft. Retrieved 2013-05-28. 
  19. ↑ "Microsoft Azure Machine Learning combines power of comprehensive machine learning with benefits of cloud". blogs.microsoft.com. 2014-06-16. 
  20. ↑ "Human Error Caused Microsoft Azure Outage". Cloudwards.net. 2014-12-20. 
  21. ↑ "Microsoft demonstrates its Linux-based Azure Cloud Switch operating system". ZDNet.com. 2015-09-18. 
  22. ↑ Toor, Amar (2011-06-30). "Microsoft: European cloud data may not be immune to the Patriot Act". Engadget.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  23. ↑ "EU data privacy authorities approve Microsoft Azure", 15 Apr 2014, ComputerWeekly.com
  24. ↑ "The collapse of the US-EU Safe Harbor", October 20, 2015, Brad Smith, President and Chief Legal Officer, Microsoft.com
  25. ↑ "Microsoft Azure Trust Center". Windowsazure.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  26. ↑ "Microsoft Azure Trust Center Compliance". Windowsazure.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  27. ↑ "FedRAMP Compliant Cloud Systems". cloud.cio.gov. Retrieved 2014-10-15. 
  28. ↑ "Summary of Windows Azure Service Disruption on Feb 29th, 2012". Blogs.msdn.com. 2012-03-09. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  29. ↑ "Windows Azure outage hits Europe". Gigaom.com. 2012-07-26. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  30. ↑ "Microsoft pins Azure outage on network miscue". Gigaom.com. 2012-07-27. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  31. ↑ Microsoft’s Azure storage service goes down, locking out corporate customers from their data Archived 26 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
  32. ↑ Bishop, Bryan. "Xbox Live and Windows Azure suffering from extended outages". Theverge.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27. 
  33. ↑ "Microsoft's Windows Azure cloud hit by worldwide management interuption [sic]". www.pcworld.com. 2013-10-31. Retrieved 2013-11-03. 
  34. ↑ Zander, Jason. "Update on Azure Storage Service Interruption". Microsoft. Retrieved 5 December 2014. 
  35. ↑ Foley, Mary J. "Microsoft says Storage service performance update brought Azure down". ZD.NET. Retrieved 5 December 2014. 
  36. ↑ "Service Status - CloudHarmony". 

Further reading

</dl>

External links

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